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The conditional (zou + infinitive & als-clauses)

Free Dutch grammar lesson · B1

Zou / zouden + infinitive

The Dutch conditional ("would") is formed with zou (singular) or zouden (plural) plus an infinitive at the end:

Pronoun Form Example
ik / jij / hij / zij zou Ik zou graag komen. — I would like to come.
wij / jullie / zij zouden Wij zouden dat nooit doen. — We would never do that.

Als-clauses: watch the word order!

Conditions are introduced with als (if). Two word-order rules apply:

  1. In the als-clause, the conjugated verb goes to the end.
  2. When the als-clause comes first, the main clause starts with the verb (inversion), because the whole als-clause counts as position one.

Realistic vs hypothetical conditions

For realistic conditions (things that may well happen), Dutch uses the present tense in both clauses, as in the examples above.

For hypothetical or unreal conditions, use zou(den) in the main clause and the imperfect (simple past) in the als-clause:

In informal speech, Dutch often drops zou and uses the imperfect in both clauses: Als ik rijk was, kocht ik een boot.

Polite requests with zou willen / zou kunnen

Zou combines with modal verbs for very polite requests:

Advice with zou moeten

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